Philippine Law Articles

Consumer Prices

Rice Price Caps, Importers, and Competition Law

Why the PCC warned rice traders against sharing price information, and when the Price Act's automatic 60-day price freeze applies after a calamity declaration.

Tax

Casino Jackpot Taxes in the Philippines

BIR RMC 57-2026: PAGCOR-licensed casinos withhold 20% final tax before releasing jackpots. What BIR Form 2306 is and why winners should always request it.

Food Security

El Nino, Food Supply, and Price Law in the Philippines

When a calamity is declared due to El Niño drought, RA 10121's NDRRM Fund and RA 7581's automatic price freeze activate to protect farmers and consumers.

Consumer Prices

Is the ₱50 Rice Price Ceiling Legal?

How Executive Order 118 imposing a ₱50/kg ceiling on imported rice connects to the Price Act, emergency price controls, and market rights in the Philippines.

Tax Law

Can the President Suspend Fuel Excise Taxes in the Philippines?

What RA 12316 does: presidential authority to suspend or reduce petroleum excise taxes, NIRC amendments, and the limits of emergency fiscal powers.

Gaming Regulation

Should Online Gambling Be Banned or Regulated in the Philippines?

The legal framework for online gambling under PAGCOR, the proposed Anti-Online Gambling Act, e-wallet concerns, minor access, and consumer protection debate.

Public Safety

Firearms License Revocation and Due Process

RA 10591: the legal difference between an LTOPF and a PTCFOR, the six grounds for revocation under Section 39, and due process rights before cancellation.

Criminal Law

Obstruction of Justice and Helping a Fugitive

PD 1829's nine prohibited acts, the 'knowingly' element, and why — unlike the Revised Penal Code accessories rule — there is no family exemption.

Courts

TROs, Arrest Warrants, and Temporary Immunity

Why a TRO petition does not stop an arrest warrant in criminal cases, and what Rule 117 Motion to Quash or Rule 102 Habeas Corpus actually accomplish.

Juvenile Justice

Can Minors Be Criminally Liable for a School Shooting in the Philippines?

What the Tacloban school shooting tells us about juvenile criminal liability, discernment, DSWD custody, and firearm liability of adults under Philippine law.

Digital Law

When Does Cyber Libel Prescribe in the Philippines?

The Supreme Court's ruling that cyber libel prescribes in one year from discovery — not 12 or 15 years — and what this means for accused and complainants.

Banking Law

Can Banks Disclose Account Holder Information in Cybercrime Cases?

The Philippine Supreme Court ruling on bank secrecy and cybercrime investigations: when deposit confidentiality applies and when account information may be disclosed.

International Law

Can the Philippines Enforce an ICC Arrest Warrant?

The legal framework around ICC cooperation, Philippine sovereignty, the dela Rosa TRO ruling, and how international arrest warrants interact with domestic law.

Education

Brigada Eskwela Donations and Public School Rules

DepEd Memo 027 s. 2026 and RA 4206 as amended by RA 5546 prohibit mandatory collections — contributions may not be tied to enrollment or release of grades.

Anti-Corruption

Plunder, Graft, and Flood Control Project Cases

RA 7080 (₱50M threshold, reclusion perpetua) vs RA 3019 §3(e) (no minimum, 6–15 years): why prosecutors file both charges in the same infrastructure case.

Rights

Foreign Nationals and Law Enforcement Rights

The 1987 Constitution's Bill of Rights covers all persons. Vienna Convention Art. 36 requires consular notification. Criminal and immigration tracks are separate.

Maritime Law

West Philippine Sea, Maritime Zones, and the Rule of Law

RA 12064 (Maritime Zones Act, 2024), sovereignty vs. sovereign rights in the EEZ, and what the 2016 Arbitral Award ruled about the nine-dash line and Scarborough Shoal.

Constitutional Law

How Impeachment Works in the Philippines: The Sara Duterte Senate Trial Explained

A plain-English guide to the Philippine impeachment process: House vote threshold, Senate as impeachment court, conviction effects, and due process rights. Updated with trial developments.

Constitutional Law

The Prosecution's Case Against VP Sara Duterte, Explained

The legal theory and Philippine statutes behind each of the four Articles of Impeachment, article by article.

Constitutional Law

VP Sara Duterte's Legal Defense, Explained

Article-by-article rebuttals, procedural objections, and the Supreme Court challenge her legal team has raised so far.

Banking & Tax Law

Can the Impeachment Court Open VP Sara Duterte's Bank and Tax Records?

RA 1405 expressly excepts impeachment from bank secrecy. RA 6426 shields foreign currency deposits absolutely. Tax returns need the President's order under Sec. 71.

Traffic Law

Is NCAP Legal Again? What the Supreme Court Actually Ruled

The Court lifted the 2022 TRO but never ruled NCAP constitutional. What it decided, and what to do if a Notice of Violation arrives.

Data Privacy

Can a Government Enforcer Post Your Apprehension Online?

Blurring a face does not end the analysis. Why the Data Privacy Act has no "public place" exception, and why the burden of proving an exemption falls on the agency.

Family Law

Annulment in the Philippines: Both Spouses Wanting Out Is Not Collusion

Republic v. Wong (2026): a mutual desire to end the marriage, or a spouse who does not contest, is not collusion. Nullity, annulment, and legal separation compared.

Election Law

When Does a Campaign Donation Become a Crime?

Government contractors cannot donate at all. Unreported contributions lose their tax exemption. And the plunder law counts a "gift" as ill-gotten wealth.

Public Finance

What Are Unprogrammed Funds, and Why Is the 2024–2026 Budget Before the Supreme Court?

A guide to unprogrammed appropriations, bicameral conference committee powers, special accounts in the GAA, and why taxpayer petitions reached the Supreme Court.

Autonomy Law

Why Were the First BARMM Parliamentary Elections Reset Again?

What RA 12317 does to the first BARMM regular election, the holdover BTA government, Comelec authority, and the path to Bangsamoro self-governance.

Technology Law

Can the Government Block a Violent Game or App After a Crime?

How Philippine law governs blocking of apps like GoreBox, CICC cybercrime powers, child protection, and free speech limits after violence-linked content concerns.

Telecommunications

What Does the Konektadong Pinoy Act Change for Internet Access?

How RA 12234 changes telco competition, data transmission frameworks, franchise requirements, satellite providers, and cybersecurity compliance in the Philippines.